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The common bile duct ((ラテン語:ductus choledochus)), sometimes abbreviated CBD, is a tube-like anatomic structure in the gastrointestinal tract of organisms that have a gall bladder. It is formed by the union of the common hepatic duct and the cystic duct (from the gall bladder). It is later joined by the pancreatic duct to form the ampulla of Vater. There, the two ducts are surrounded by the muscular sphincter of Oddi. When the sphincter of Oddi is closed, newly synthesized bile from the liver is forced into storage in the gall bladder. When open, the stored and concentrated bile exits into the duodenum. This conduction of bile is the main function of the common bile duct. The hormone cholecystokinin, when stimulated by a fatty meal, promotes bile secretion by increased production of hepatic bile, contraction of the gall bladder, and relaxation of the Sphincter of Oddi. Several problems can arise within the common bile duct. If clogged by a gallstone, a condition called choledocholithiasis can result. In this clogged state, the duct is especially vulnerable to an infection called ascending cholangitis. Very rare deformities of the common bile duct are cystic dilations (4 cm), choledochoceles (cystic dilation of the ampula of Vater (3–8 cm), and biliary atresia. ==Additional images== File:3DPrinted biliary system 20151201.jpg|3D printed dilated biliary system. File:Ultrasound Scan ND 090551 0930550 cr.png|Dilatation of CBD due to Ampullary tumor. File:Gray1095-gall_bladder.png|The gall-bladder and bile ducts laid open. File:Illu pancrease.jpg|Region of pancreas File:Gray848.png|The celiac ganglia with the sympathetic plexuses of the head viscera radiating from the ganglia. File:Gray1039.png|Horizontal disposition of the peritoneum in the upper part of the abdomen. File:Gray1057.png|Interior of the descending portion of the duodenum, showing bile papilla. File:Gray1086-liver.PNG|Inferior surface of the liver. File:Gray1099.png|The pancreas and duodenum from behind. File:Gray1100.png|The pancreatic duct. File:Bilebladder.png|The portal vein and its tributaries. File:Illu liver gallbladder.jpg|Liver and gallbladder 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Common bile duct」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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